Devil Soul
ELITE MEMBER
The Indian mindset
Published: November 15, 2011
Inam Khawaja
Sixty four years have gone by since both Pakistan and India got their independence. And now a third generation is poised to assume power in both these countries. Their relations have been oscillating between active war, covert hostility, tension and overt aggression. In both Pakistan and India all shades of the political spectrum have come to power and yet have not been able to break the ice.
It is time to clearly get at the root cause of the hostility between these two nuclear powers each having over a hundred bombs and multiple means of delivering them with devastating results for peoples of these countries and their neighbours. On 3 June 1947 both the All India Muslim League led by Quaid-i-Azam and the Indian National Congress led by Nehru agreed to the partition of British India into Pakistan and India. In order to understand the genesis of the hostility between India and Pakistan it is essential to examine the resolutions passed by the two main political forces of India Congress and BJP (Hindu Mahasabha).
The All India Congress Working Committee met on 14, June 1947 and after the first days debate resolved to accept the Partition Plan. However, the acceptance also included the assertion that:-
Geography and the mountains and the seas fashioned India as she is, and no human agency can change that shape or come in the way of her final destiny. The All India Congress Committee earnestly trusts that when the present passions have subsided, Indias problems will be viewed in their proper perspective and false doctrine of two nations will be discredited and discarded by all.
The Congress, true to form, exhibited their hostility even in this resolution that they earnestly trusted that the concept of Pakistan being a separate nation will be discredited and discarded by all. This clearly showed that the Congress in reality did not accept the establishment of Pakistan as an independent country and wanted to undo it. This became visibly apparent in the policy and the actions of the Indian Government subsequent to 15, August 1947.
The Working Committee of the Hindu Mahasabha passed a resolution stressing: India is one and indivisible and there will never be peace unless and until the separated areas are brought back into the Indian Union and made integral part.
This resolution clearly shows that the Hindu Mahasabha did not accept the formation of Pakistan and actually wanted to undo Pakistan by force. Right after the establishment of Pakistan on 15, August 1947 India initiated a policy of confrontation by refusing to transfer its share of financial, military and other divisible (movable) assets of British India. They stopped the export of coal (on which the Pakistan railways depended), sugar, textiles and all manufactured goods and induced the Hindu bankers to migrate to India, in the hope that it would speed up Pakistans collapse. Some how Pakistan managed to import coal from China, sugar from Cuba, paper from Sweden, established its own banks and so on. The railway engines were converted to burn fuel oil. When the collapse did not happen; Nehru in the Defence Committee meeting on 28 October 1947 proposed that the defence services should consider plans to meet the contingency of war between India and Pakistan. This is documented in Mountbatten Papers in British Library. These plans were frustrated because the British C-in-C and the British officers stated that the preparation of plans for war with another Dominion is not part of their contract. The Indian Army would have been paralysed without the British officers. At that time most of the battalions and almost all the brigades were commanded by British officers and all the division commanders were British. Furthermore, all the supporting arms were commanded by British officers. Brigadier Cariappa and Brigadier Thimayya were the highest ranking Indian officers. It was, therefore, impossible to prepare plans for a war without the active participation of the British officers.
The Indian mindset | Pakistan | News | Newspaper | Daily | English | Online
Published: November 15, 2011
Inam Khawaja
Sixty four years have gone by since both Pakistan and India got their independence. And now a third generation is poised to assume power in both these countries. Their relations have been oscillating between active war, covert hostility, tension and overt aggression. In both Pakistan and India all shades of the political spectrum have come to power and yet have not been able to break the ice.
It is time to clearly get at the root cause of the hostility between these two nuclear powers each having over a hundred bombs and multiple means of delivering them with devastating results for peoples of these countries and their neighbours. On 3 June 1947 both the All India Muslim League led by Quaid-i-Azam and the Indian National Congress led by Nehru agreed to the partition of British India into Pakistan and India. In order to understand the genesis of the hostility between India and Pakistan it is essential to examine the resolutions passed by the two main political forces of India Congress and BJP (Hindu Mahasabha).
The All India Congress Working Committee met on 14, June 1947 and after the first days debate resolved to accept the Partition Plan. However, the acceptance also included the assertion that:-
Geography and the mountains and the seas fashioned India as she is, and no human agency can change that shape or come in the way of her final destiny. The All India Congress Committee earnestly trusts that when the present passions have subsided, Indias problems will be viewed in their proper perspective and false doctrine of two nations will be discredited and discarded by all.
The Congress, true to form, exhibited their hostility even in this resolution that they earnestly trusted that the concept of Pakistan being a separate nation will be discredited and discarded by all. This clearly showed that the Congress in reality did not accept the establishment of Pakistan as an independent country and wanted to undo it. This became visibly apparent in the policy and the actions of the Indian Government subsequent to 15, August 1947.
The Working Committee of the Hindu Mahasabha passed a resolution stressing: India is one and indivisible and there will never be peace unless and until the separated areas are brought back into the Indian Union and made integral part.
This resolution clearly shows that the Hindu Mahasabha did not accept the formation of Pakistan and actually wanted to undo Pakistan by force. Right after the establishment of Pakistan on 15, August 1947 India initiated a policy of confrontation by refusing to transfer its share of financial, military and other divisible (movable) assets of British India. They stopped the export of coal (on which the Pakistan railways depended), sugar, textiles and all manufactured goods and induced the Hindu bankers to migrate to India, in the hope that it would speed up Pakistans collapse. Some how Pakistan managed to import coal from China, sugar from Cuba, paper from Sweden, established its own banks and so on. The railway engines were converted to burn fuel oil. When the collapse did not happen; Nehru in the Defence Committee meeting on 28 October 1947 proposed that the defence services should consider plans to meet the contingency of war between India and Pakistan. This is documented in Mountbatten Papers in British Library. These plans were frustrated because the British C-in-C and the British officers stated that the preparation of plans for war with another Dominion is not part of their contract. The Indian Army would have been paralysed without the British officers. At that time most of the battalions and almost all the brigades were commanded by British officers and all the division commanders were British. Furthermore, all the supporting arms were commanded by British officers. Brigadier Cariappa and Brigadier Thimayya were the highest ranking Indian officers. It was, therefore, impossible to prepare plans for a war without the active participation of the British officers.
The Indian mindset | Pakistan | News | Newspaper | Daily | English | Online

