Well let’s see (all these started in modern day Pakistan)
First it was IVC
Abhira Kingdom, centered in the Cholistan-Thar region.
Bahlika Kingdom, centered in Punjab.
Gandhara grave culture, also called Swat culture and centered in the Swat Valley of present-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Kamboja Kingdom, centered in the Hindu Kush region.
Kasmira Kingdom, centered in present-day Kashmir Valley.
Madra Kingdom, centered in upper Punjab, with its capital at Sialkot
Pauravas, a sub-clan of Kambojas
Sindhu Kingdom, centered in present-day Sindh.
Sudra Kingdom, centered in the Cholistan-Thar region
The Ror Dynasty
Mauryan Empire
Indo-Scythian Empire
Indo-Parthian Empire
Rai Dynasty
Multiple Rajput dynasties
And later the Mughal And Islamic Empires