If you're talking terrorists, which is the most extreme of the extreme then yes, but if you're talking agitators, dissidents or various troublemakers, China has always had a policy of reform of some kind which you see reflected in its reform and reintegration to society of prisoners. It is only in the worst cases where you have intransigence, like you have with terrorists that policies of execution the way you describe exists. Your contention that it is done any other way is simply not true.
Earlier you said the Mongolians were wiped out in a genocide in northern XinJiang in the 17th+18th centuries when they rebelled against the Han where they were then replaced by Uyghurs who reoccupied those now empty lands. I said this was a vast exaggeration and quoted the existence of the Uyghur Empire occupying all of XinJiang including northern XinJiang and with the cooperation of the Mongolians, the Mongolian steppes as well. You said this was 1000 year old history and it didn't apply. That thread was closed, but here's my belated reply to this. The point was, Uyghurs have been in northern XinJiang since ancient times, not just since the 17th+18th centuries. This was absolute proof that you were twisting history to fit your argument. There was never a Mongolian "genocide" there and the Uyghurs were never displaced from northern XinJiang during this entire time because they were/are close cousins ethnically and linguistically to their Altaic cousins the Mongolians, even during the Yuan Dynasty. In other words, you're doing it again, you're interpreting history to fit your arguments and making up history while doing it by taking actual historical events and then either twisting or exaggerating what happened.
This has nothing to do with China's policy being more brutal in the past or not. It's always been the same policy, which is to increase prosperity of the disaffected groups, giving them autonomy, while instilling modern ideas of conduct. The only reason there has been terrorism from the 1980s is because of the worldwide growth of radical Islamic ideas which is mostly a result of Wahabism, which was a largely foreign concept to China until the 1980s and probable covert support from the Americans from the 1990s onward.